Managment of diabetes mellitus type 2

Diabetes mellitus type 3 is a certain type of metabolicdisorder which includes high levels of glucose in the blood which are alsorelated to relative insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. In most casesthe condition can be managed by certain dietary modifications and increasedphysical exercise regime. If these fail, then certain medicaments need to beintroduced. Diabetes commonly affects obese people. Diabetes mellitus type 2may sometimes be associated with nonketonic hyperglycemia but it can alsosometimes lead to certain severe medical conditions such as kidney failure,strokes, heart attacks and an increased risk of limb amputation. In some casesof diabetes mellitus type 2, patients have reported loss of cognitive ability, eyesightand hearing.

Statistical Data

There are more than 150 million people in the world affectedby the diabetes mellitus type 2. Different parts of the world are associatedwith different rates of incidence which are of course triggered by various differentlifestyle and environmental factors. Diabetes mellitus type 2 rates haveincreased globally in the last few decades. It is a very disturbing fact thatdespite always being considered as a disease of adults, diabetes mellitusrecently started affecting children much more than it did in the past.

Causes

Diabetes mellitus type2 can be triggered by variousdifferent types of genetic and lifestyle factors. Among other probable factorsare also prenatal undernutrition and intrauterine growth restriction. Those whohave relatives who suffer from diabetes mellitus type 2 are running a strongchance that they may end up with the same medical condition themselves. It is awidely known fact that most patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2suffer from obesity as well. There are also important environmental factorswhich are commonly held responsible for the development of diabetes mellitustype 2 and the most common ones include the person’s weight and the daily diet.Those who consume only moderate amounts of alcohol, who do not smoke, whofollow a healthy and well balanced diet and indulge in high levels of variousdifferent sorts of physical activities are at a very low risk of developingdiabetes mellitus type 2. Different types of environmental toxins may alsocontribute to the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 to a certain degree. Alarge number of different sorts of medical conditions may be observed ascontributing factors for the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 and thoseinclude different types of cancer, chronic pancreatitis, pheochromocytoma,thytotoxicosis, Cushing’s syndrome, acromegaly, metabolic syndrome, elevatedlevels of cholesterol in the blood and hypertension. Other possible causes mayinclude the natural process of aging, diets with high fat content, hypogonadismand testosterone deficiency.

Signs and Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Diabetes mellitus type 2 can easily be recognized by certainsigns and symptoms which commonly include weight loss, fatigue, increasedhunger and increased thirst. Some cases may also include increased risk of dementia,cognitive dysfunction, vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.

Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

In order to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2, aperson must suffer from fasting impaired fasting glycaemia, impaired glucoseintolerance, diabetes mellitus and low levels of glucose in the blood. Thefasting plasms glucose needs to be diagnosed with specificity which is greaterthan 95 percent and sensitivity which is approximately 50 percent. Randomcapillary blood glucose needs to be characterized by a specificity of 88percent and sensitivity of 75 percent. Diabetes mellitus type 2 can beprevented by regular exercise regimes and proper nutrition plans.

Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

The main focus of management for those who suffer fromdiabetes mellitus type 2 should include maintenance of normal levels of glucosein the blood, lowered cardiovascular risk factors and numerous other lifestyleinterventions. It is also of utmost importance to constantly monitor the levelsof cholesterol in the blood and reduce the risks of hypertension andmicroalbuminuria as much as possible. Those who suffer from diabetes mellitustype 2 should indulge in plenty of physical exercises and among the best onesis aerobic exercise. It is very efficient in improving the insulin sensitivityin a person. One should also start following healthy and well balanced types ofdiets which are appropriate for the condition. Low glycemic index diet is thecontroversial type of diet which is deemed to be the best for such purposes.People with diabetes mellitus type 2 should also pay extra attention toculturally appropriate education. There are also certain types of medicationswhich can be of great help to all those who suffer from the dreadful medicalcondition called diabetes mellitus type 2. Metformin in the form of tablets isone of the most commonly used ones. Injections of insulin are also commonlyused in most cases and they are sometimes accompanied by thiazolidinediones,alpha glucosidase inhibitors, nonsulfonylurea secretagogues or sulfonylureas.