A diverticulum is a pouch that appears on the wall of a viscous. Hypo pharynx diverticulitis can be true, when include all layers of the wall, and false which does not usually include muscular layer. Zenger’s diverticulum is false diverticulum consisted of mucosa and sub mucosa which appears at the back of the throat, where the throat joins esophagus. It usually occurs in elderly people and is more common in males than in females. The cause for the occurrence of Zenker’s diverticulum is yet unknown, but it is assumed that it appears because of some weak spot in the muscle of the lower throat.
Oftenthe symptoms for Zenger’s diverticulum are not evident. However, when food or saliva fills up the pouch, some warning signs appear. Person who suffers from this will have difficulty while swallowing and that is called dysphasia. It often happens that undigested food comes back or that food gets into the breathing passages or lungs. Other symptoms of Zenger’s diverticulum include cough, especially at night, hoarseness, pneumonia and bronchitis. The most frequent signs of this disorder, furthermore, are noisy swallowing, voice change, and halitosis. The pouch can cause many problems for the persons who, for example, take some medication. The pills can stuck in the pouch and thus cannot be disintegrated in the stomach and then absorbed. It can cause some complications such as aspiration, ulceration, esophageal obstruction, hemorrhage, tracheodiverticular fistula and perforation.
Manystudies and examinations of patients with this kind of diverticulum have showed that the increased intrabolus pressure and upper esophageal sphincter pressure appear. Other similar studies showed that Zenger’s diverticulum is connected with the hibital hernia and gastro esophageal reflux. Squamish cell carcinoma is one of the most serious complications which are associated with the Zenger’s diverticulum, because in this case the mortality rate is veryhigh. Atrophy, necrosis, hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis are typical irregular histological changes in patient with Zenger’s diverticulum.
Zenger’sdiverticulum is not treated before the symptoms appear. When a person has these symptoms the doctor must be consulted. Zenger’s diverticulum is then diagnosed by the means of a barium swallow. Once the diagnose is established, surgery is necessary. In surgery, the problematic pouch is removed. There are two common approaches. One is a conventional open surgery, which is done through the neck, and the other is an endoscopic approach, which is done through the mouth. The later approach is faster, more effective, and it requires only one day in hospital. It has lower complication rate than conventional surgery.
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