Hiccups represent involuntary spasmodic and rhythmic contractions of the diaphragm, a muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. Hiccups may last for a few minutes and in some cases they can linger up to a few hours. They generally represent an acute problem. However, if one suffers from hiccups for several days or even more the condition can be classified as chronic. In such case patients require more aggressive treatment and sometimes surgery depending on the underlying cause.
There are many explanations why hiccups occur. They are generally benign and completely harmless. Still, they can be quite bothersome particularly if they last for a longer period of time.
What Are Causes of Chronic Hiccups?
In spite of a variety of causes of acute hiccups the chronic problem is basically associated with several conditions and factors. For example, chronic hiccups may develop due to certain surgeries. During or after certain surgical procedures the diaphragm may not be well supplied with blood. Such lack of blood may induce involuntary contractions. Furthermore, in infants chronic hiccups develop as a consequence of involuntary sucking of the air while feeding.
Chronic hiccups can also be associated with consumption of carbonated or frizzy drinks, spicy and fatty foods and excessive intake of alcohol. Furthermore, the condition may result from excitement, nervousness and anxiety or is connected with certain gastrointestinal disorders. In some people damage to specific brain areas cause chronic hiccups. This is seen in people who have suffered a stroke or those suffering from brain tumors. And finally, chronic hiccups may be a side effect of certain medications.
Treatment for Chronic Hiccups
Hiccups are not life-threatening. However, the condition is rather uncomfortable and annoying. It is essential to identify the underlying cause of hiccups. This way the doctor will chose the most appropriate treatment and the problems will eventually disappear.
Temporary relief from hiccups can be achieved with certain maneuvers. For example, one should drink cold water in continuous small sips without taking a breath in between the sips. Additional help is obtained by sucking on a sugar cube or taking a paper bag and breathing into the bag (20-25 breaths). Even though such maneuvers may help patients reduce the frequency of hiccups it is essential to consult a doctor if hiccups last for several days or longer. The treatment may include medications or in case some medications have caused hiccups they are discontinued. Hiccups caused by a stroke or brain tumors are serious and may be a permanent problem.
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